Dificultad diagnóstica en masa retroperitoneal. Reporte de un caso / Diagnostic difficulty in retroperitoneal mass: A case report

El Schwannoma se origina de la vaina perineural de Schwannoma, se detecta con frecuencia incidentalmente en estudios imagenológicos siendo el principal método diagnóstico la Tomografía Computada. El tratamiento es la resección quirúrgica con márgenes libres. Se presenta una paciente femenina de 49 años, en control por oncología por enfermedad de base, cáncer de mama izquierda, se identifica por TAC y PECT/TC imagen voluminosa en retroperitoneo situación lateroaórtica izquierda de configuración no quística e hipermetabólica, solicita biopsia percutánea, ante la falta de ventana, se decide exeresis completa de masa. Diagnóstico definitivo patológico Schwannoma. Sin indicación de tratamiento adyuvante, cursa buena evolución postoperatoria sin recidiva.

Schwannoma, a benign tumor that arises from Schwann cells of the perineural nerve sheath, is often incidentally detected in imaging tests and mainly diagnosed by CT scan. Treatment consists of surgical resection with clear margins. We present the case of a 49-year-old female patient subject to Oncology Department follow-up due to an underlying disease, left breast cancer. A large, hypermetabolic, noncystic mass in the retroperitoneal region is identified by CT and PECT/CT scan in the left lateral aortic area. A percutaneous biopsy is requested. Due to the limited acoustic window, complete resection of the mass is decided. Final histopathology diagnosis of Schwannoma. No adjuvant treatment indication; undergoing favorable postoperative progress, without recurrence

Analysis of influence factors for short-term recurrence of retroperitoneal liposarcoma after complete resection / 中华外科杂志

Objective: To examine the influence factors of short-term recurrence after complete surgical resection of retroperitoneal liposarcoma. Methods: The clinicopathological data of retroperitoneal liposarcoma at Department of General Surgery, the First Medical Center, People's Liberation Army General Hospital from January 2000 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 60 males and 31 females, aged (52.1±9.9) years (range: 30 to 84 years). Tumor recurrence within 12 months after complete resection was defined as short-term recurrence, and tumor recurrence more than 12 months was defined as non-short-term recurrence. The t test, rank-sum test, χ2 test and Fisher exact test were conducted for inter-group comparison. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the independent influence factors for the short-term recurrence of retroperitoneal liposarcoma after complete resection. The Kaplan-Meier curve was used to calculate the recurrence-free survival, and the Log-rank test was adopted for the comparison between the groups. Results: The univariate analysis results showed that irregular tumor morphology, multiple pathological subtypes, pathological scores>3, and multiple primary tumors are influence factors for short-term recurrence after complete resection of retroperitoneal liposarcoma (χ2: 4.422 to 7.773, all P<0.05). Regression analysis of the above risk factors showed that multiple primary tumors was the independent risk factor (OR=2.918, 95%CI: 1.127 to 7.556, P=0.027). In the short-term recurrence group, Kaplan-Meier curve analysis showed that patients with multiple primary tumors had a shorter median recurrence time than patients with unifocal tumor (6 months vs. 9 months, P=0.028). Conclusions: Multiple primary tumor is an independent risk factor for short-term recurrence after complete resection of retroperitoneal liposarcoma. It suggests that the frequency of follow-up after surgery should be increased for such patients.

Clinical value of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of retroperitoneal tumors / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To explore the clinical value of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of retroperitoneal tumors. Methods: The clinical data of 13 patients with retroperitoneal tumors treated with ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2018 to January 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. The ablation effect was evaluated and the postoperative complications were observed. The changes of tumor volume before and after radiofrequency ablation were compared. Results: The symptoms of pain and dyspepsia were significantly improved after radiofrequency ablation, and the hospital stay was (9.2±2.9) days. The tumor was ablated completely in 10 cases, tumor residual in 1 case and tumor metastasis in 2 cases. One patient had postoperative duodenal perforation complicated with intra-abdominal infection, and no serious complications occurred in other patients. There were 20 lesions in 13 patients. The maximum diameter of 20 lesions before operation and 1, 3, 6 months after operation were (39.5±15.9) mm, (30.6±4.9)mm, (15.6±7.7) mm and (9.9±3.1) mm, respectively, the maximum diameters of 1, 3 and 6 months after operation were smaller than that before operation (P<0.05). Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation is a real-time, accurate, safe and effective minimally invasive treatment with few complications, and has a high clinical value for retroperitoneal tumors.

Schwannoma anciano del nervio obturador: una rara causa de neuralgia / Ancient schwannoma of the obturator nerve: an uncommon cause of pelvic neuralgia

Los tumores retroperitoneales son lesiones infrecuentes. Las tumoraciones nerviosas benignas como los schwannomas representan menos del 3% de ellos, siendo extremadamente raros los que afectan el nervio obturador. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con importante afectación funcional en miembro inferior izquierdo y dolor pélvico, al que se le diagnosticó neoplasia retroperitoneal. Fue intervenido por vía laparoscópica objetivándose la dependencia de la lesión del nervio obturador. Se llevó a cabo una exéresis completa de la lesión preservando parcialmente el nervio. El paciente tuvo una evolución funcional y álgica muy favorable. La anatomía patología reveló la presencia de schwannoma, del denominado subtipo "anciano", sin datos de malignidad. Consideramos que el informe de un caso como este puede ayudar a conocer una patología muy infrecuente y a tener en consideración algunos puntos clave como la técnica de abordaje y la necesidad de preservación de las estructuras nerviosas.

Retroperitoneal tumors are uncommon; benign tumors originating in the nerve cells as schwannomas represent less than 3%, while schwannomas of the obturator nerve are extremely rare. We report the case of a male patient with significant functional compromise of the left lower limb and pelvic pain who was diagnosed with a retroperitoneal tumor. The patient underwent laparoscopic surgery during which the compromise of the obturator nerve was evident. The lesion was completely resected with partial preservation of the nerve. The patient progressed with favorable functional recovery and pain relief. The histopathological examination reported a benign ancient schwannoma. We believe that this case report can help to understand a very rare condition and consider some key points such as the technique of approach and the need for preservation of the nerve structures.

Pseudotumor retroperitoneal como apresentação de doença relacionada à IgG 4: relato de caso / Retroperitoneal pseudotumor as a presentation of IgG4-related disease: a case report

Apresentamos um caso de doença relacionada à IgG4 devido às suas várias formas de apresentação clínica e dificuldades diagnósticas, objetivando acrescentar à literatura científica essa apresentação atípica. Trata-se de um homem de 65 anos com dor abdominal, febre e sintomas urinários. Exames laboratoriais inocentes para processo infeccioso agudo. Em tomografia computadorizada de abdome, evidenciou-se pseudotumor em região retroperitoneal, envolvendo ureter, veia e artéria ilíacas. Foi submetido à ressecção cirúrgica, tendo sido confirmado o diagnóstico de doença relacionada à IgG4 pela imuno-histoquímica. Iniciou tratamento com glicocorticoide com melhora clínica importante, seguindo em acompanhamento ambulatorial.

This is a case report of IgG4-related disease because of its wide variety of clinical presentations and difficulties in diagnosis, aiming at adding this atypical presentation to scientific literature. It is a case of a 65-year-old man with abdominal pain, fever and urinary symptoms. Laboratory tests were naive for acute infectious processes. In a computed tomography of the abdomen, retroperitoneal pseudotumor involving ureter, and iliac vein and artery was found. The patient underwent surgical resection, and the diagnosis of IgG4-related disease was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. The treatment was begun with glucocorticoids, with important clinical improvement. He was followed in outpatient settings.

Spontaneous gas in a retroperitoneal mass: check the testis!

ABSTRACT Testicular germ cell tumor is the most common cancer in 20-to 35-years-old men. There are known risk factors such as undescended testicle(s) and history of testicular cancer. Most lesions are germ cell tumors with two main subtypes: seminomas and non-seminomatous germ cell tumors.

Retroperitoneoscopic resection of retroperitoneal nonadrenal ganglioneuromas: our technique and clinical outcomes

ABSTRACT Objective: To report our experience of retroperitoneoscopic technique in semi-lateral decubitus position for the retroperitoneal nonadrenal ganglioneuromas in 18 patients, and to evaluate its clinical outcomes. Materials and Methods: From January 2012 to May 2016, 18 patients with retroperitoneal nonadrenal ganglioneuromas underwent retroperitoneoscopic resection. With the patients in semi-lateral decubitus position, a 4-port retroperitoneal approach was used. Data were collected on the tumor size, tumor location, perioperative outcomes, pathology, and last-known disease status. We reviewed the operative videos to identify surgical tips and tricks. Results: All procedures were carried out successfully without converting to open surgery. The tumors had an average size of 5.2cm. The mean operative time was 86.5 min, with a mean estimated blood loss of 85.4mL. There were three patients suffering from intraoperative complications. Postoperatively, all patients achieved an uneventful recovery; the mean postoperative hospital stay was 5.5 days. The postoperative pathology revealed to be retroperitoneal ganglioneuromas. With a mean follow-up of 39.5 months, all patients were recurrence free. The review of the operative videos revealed several tips and tricks, including keeping peritoneum and posterior Gerota fascia intact to provide a favorable operative exposure of tumors, and placing the harmonic scalpel through different ports during tumor dissection. Conclusions: With the patient in semi-lateral decubitus position and a 4-port retroperitoneal approach, retroperitoneoscopic resection of retroperitoneal nonadrenal ganglioneuroma is a feasible, effective, and safe procedure. This approach has distinct advantages including direct access to the tumor, optimal exposure of tumor and less intraperitoneal interference.

Liposarcoma retroperitoneal gigante: a propósito de un caso / Giant retroperitoneal liposarcoma:a case report

Paciente masculino de 48 años con antecedente de hipertensión, que consulta por dolor abdominal difuso continuo, anorexia y aumento progresivo del perímetro abdominal. Al examen por TC se observa importante formación sólida heterogénea de densidad predominantemente grasa, que ocupa la casi totalidad del abdomen con desplazamiento de estructuras del abdomen superior; luego de la administración de medio de contraste formación presenta además componente de densidad de partes blandas de aspecto vegetante con realce heterogéneo que infiltra el retroperitoneo. Luego de su recesión completa, se concluye con el diagnostico de liposarcoma.

48 years old male patient with a history of hypertension, that consultation by diffuse abdominal pain continued, anorexia and progressive increase in the abdominal circumference. To review by TC is important training solid heterogeneous density predominantly fat that occupies almost the whole of the abdomen with displacement of structures in the upper abdomen, after the administration of contrast medium training is also a component of soft tissue density of vegetative aspect with heterogeneous enhancement that infiltrates the retroperitoneum, after his complete recession, it is concluded with the diagnosis of liposarcoma.

Tumor fibroso solitario y síndrome Doege-Potter / Solitary fibrous tumor and Doege-Potter syndrome

El tumor fibroso solitario es raro. Si bien su localización más frecuente es la pleura, han sido informados algunos casos de ubicación retroperitoneal. Es difícil diferenciarlo imagenológicamente de otras neoplasias, por lo que casi siempre el diagnóstico es histológico. Dado que los tumores fibrosos solitarios tienen presentaciones clínicas muy diversas, una mejor compresión de la ubicación y sus características imagenológicas ayudaría a abreviar la lista de diagnósticos diferenciales. Comunicamos un tumor fibroso solitario de localización retroperitoneal cuyo diagnóstico fue confirmado por examen histológico.

The solitary fibrous tumor is uncommon. Even though it frequently locates in the pleura, a few cases have been reported in the retroperitoneum. Differentiation from other neoplasms is difficult, and therefore the diagnosis is always attained through histological examination. Although solitary fibrous tumors have variable clinical behaviors, a better comprehension of the location and its imaging characteristics would help to decrease the list of differential diagnoses. We report a solitary fibrous tumor located in the retroperitoneum whose diagnosis was confirmed by histological examination.

Ligadura da Veia Renal Esquerda e Preservação da Função Renal pelas Colaterais nos Tumores Retroperitoneais / Left Renal Vein Ligation and Preservation of Renal Function Through the Collateral Circulation after Retroperitoneal Tumor Resection / Ligadura de la Vena Renal Izquierda y Preservación de la Función Renal por los Colaterales en los Tumores Retroperitoneales

Introdução: O retroperitônio pode apresentar diversas patologias e possui certa complexidade e mau prognóstico em virtude do íntimo contato e envolvimento de grandes vasos nas abordagens cirúrgicas. A cirurgia é a opção terapêutica associada à sobrevida prolongada. O estudo tem por objetivo demonstrar que é possível a preservação da função renal, pelas colaterais, após a ligadura ou ressecção da veia renal esquerda sem reconstrução vascular. Relato dos casos: Dois casos de pacientes com tumores retroperitoneais com invasão vascular local onde, para sua completa ressecção, fizeram-se necessárias a secção e a ligadura da veia renal esquerda. Evoluíram com preservação da função renal em razão da drenagem venosa pelas colaterais, não sendo necessária a reconstrução vascular. Além disso, foi realizada, para melhor discussão dos casos, revisão bibliográfica. Conclusão: A secção e ligadura da veia renal esquerda mostraram-se seguras nos dois pacientes tratados com ressecção de tumores retroperitoneais, não sendo a sua reconstrução obrigatória quando preservadas as colaterais para drenagem venosa.

Introduction: The retroperitoneum can present several pathologies that have a certain complexity and a poor prognosis due to their proximity to large vessels, the involvement of which complicates surgical approaches. Surgery is the therapeutic option associated with the longest survival. The objective of this study was to demonstrate that renal function can be preserved after ligation or resection of the left renal vein, without vascular reconstruction, if the collateral circulation remains functional. Case reports: We report two cases of patients with retroperitoneal tumors with local vascular invasion, the complete resection of which required division and ligation of the left renal vein. Postoperatively, both patients showed preserved renal function, because of collateral venous drainage, and vascular reconstruction was not necessary in either case. We also present a review of the literature on such cases. Conclusion: Division and ligation of the left renal vein proved to be safe in both of the patients undergoing retroperitoneal tumor resection, and reconstruction of the vein is not mandatory when the collateral circulation is preserved.

Introducción: El retroperitoneo puede presentar diversas patologías y posee cierta complejidad y mal pronóstico debido al íntimo contacto e implicación de grandes vasos en el abordaje quirúrgico. La cirugía es la opción terapéutica asociada a la supervivencia prolongada. El estudio tiene por objetivo demostrar que es posible la preservación de la función renal, por las colaterales, después de la ligadura o resección de la vena renal izquierda sin reconstrucción vascular. Relato de los casos: Dos casos de pacientes con tumores retroperitoneales con invasión vascular local donde, para su completa resección, se hizo necesaria la sección y ligadura de la vena renal izquierda. Evolucionaron con preservación de la función renal debido al drenaje venoso por las colaterales, no siendo necesaria la reconstrucción vascular. Además, se realizó, para una mejor discusión de los casos, revisión bibliográfica. Conclusión: La sección y ligadura de la vena renal izquierda se mostró segura en los dos pacientes tratados con resección de tumores retroperitoneales, no siendo su reconstrucción obligatoria cuando se preservaron las colaterales para drenaje venoso

Liposarcoma retroperitoneal complicado: a propósito de un caso / Complicated retroperitoneal liposarcoma: a case report

Resumen Las neoplasias retroperitoneales suponen un reto para el profesional sanitario, tanto en el diagnóstico como en el tratamiento. Caso clínico: Varón de 56 años diabético tipo 2. Acude por edema en extremidad inferior derecha y parestesias. Se realiza ecografía doppler con resultados de trombosis venosa profunda y conglomerado adenopático. En TAC abdominal se observa gran masa retroperitoneal que engloba paquete vasculonervioso iliaco derecho. Se realiza vaciamiento ganglionar con resultado inicial de hamartoma. Se practica cirugía de resección de la masa y ligadura de la vena iliaca externa trombosada preservando la arteria iliaca. Anatomía patológica intraoperatoria sugestiva de sarcoma y definitiva de liposarcoma. Reingresa por shock hipovolémico y rotura de la arteria iliaca derecha. Se realiza ligadura y bypass femoro-femoral izquierdo-derecho. Al alta es derivado a oncología, falleciendo a los 6 meses. Discusión: El sarcoma es el tumor primario más frecuente a nivel retroperitoneal (15%). De difícil diagnóstico y tardío tratamiento, suelen ser asintomáticos hasta que debutan como una masa y clínica de compresión local o afectación de estructuras vasculonerviosas. El TAC es la prueba diagnóstica de elección. El tratamiento del tumor localizado es la cirugía; la radioterapia y quimioterapia se reservan para tumores irresecables o de alto grado.

Abstract Retroperitoneal neoplasias may be a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for the clinician. Case report: A 56 year old male with prior history of type 2 diabetes consults with right inferior limb edema and paresthesias. He was diagnosed of deep vein thrombosis and lymph node conglomerate by ultrasound. A CT scan was performed, observing great retro peritoneal mass enclosing vascular and nervous structures. An initial histological diagnosis of hamartoma was made. Surgery was scheduled to remove the tumour, ligation of thrombosed external iliac vein and the external iliac artery was preserved. Intraoperative histological findings suggested sarcoma, definite studies showed presence of high grade liposarcoma. Two weeks after the intervention, the patient presents in hypovolemic shock due to rupture of the right external iliac artery. Emergent ligation of the artery and femorofemoral bypass was performed, with adequate postoperatory recovery. The patient was discharged and continued adjuvant oncology treatment and was exitus six months later. Discussion: Sarcomas are the most frequent primary retroperitoneal tumours. They are difficult to diagnose and often have untimely treatment. Sarcomas tend to be asymptomatic, or present with local compression symptoms, affecting vascular and nervous structures. CT scan is the gold standard for diagnostic imaging. Treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach, surgical resection as the main therapy; radio and chemotherapy represents a solution for irresectable or high grade malignancies.

Liposarcoma retroperitoneal gigante: reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura / Great retroperitoneal liposarcoma: case report and literature review

Introducción: El liposarcoma es el tumor retroperitoneal más frecuente. Es una enfermedad de evolución silenciosa cuyo tratamiento es el manejo quirúrgico. Caso clínico: Mujer de 42 años de edad, sin antecedentes de importancia, quien acude con gran liposarcoma. Se procede a realizar cirugía R0 y nefrectomía derecha. El resultado de patología reporta lipoma mixoide. Conclusiones: Los liposarcomas son tumores los cuales tienen dificultades en el manejo debido a un índice alto de irresecabilidad, patrón de recurrencia elevado, ineficacia en el empleo de tratamientos adyuvantes que impacten en la sobrevida y el control local.

Introduction: The liposarcoma is the most common retroperitoneal tumor. It is a silent disease evolution whose treatment is surgical management. Case report: 42 years old female with no history of importance who comes with great liposarcoma, we proceed to perform R0 surgery and right nephrectomy, the result of pathology reports myxoid lipoma. Conclusions: Liposarcomas are tumors which have difficulties in handling due to a high rate of unresectable, high recurrence pattern, inefficiency in the use of adjuvant therapies that impact on survival and local control.

Fibrotecoma extraovárico gigante retroperitoneal / Giant Retroperitoneal Extraovarian Fibrothecoma

El fibrotecoma ovárico es una neoplasia poco frecuente y su localización extraovárica es más rara aún. Se observa generalmente como tumor sólido unilateral, de tamaño variable, en mujeres premenopáusicas. En su mayoría, es benigno y puede ser funcionales o no. Actualmente solo se han reportado tres pacientes y solo una de ellas de localización retroperitoneal. Se presenta un caso de una paciente con fibrotecoma extraovárico gigante retroperitoneal. Se realizó a la paciente exéresis de la lesión sin complicaciones intra ni posoperatorias.

Ovarian fibrothecoma is a rare malignancy and its extraovarian location is even rarer. It is generally seen as unilateral solid tumor, of variable size, in premenopausal women. It is mostly benign and it can be functional or not. Currently only three patients have been reported and only one of retroperitoneal location. A case of a patient with giant retroperitoneal extraovarian fibrothecoma is presented in this paper. The patient underwent excision of the lesion showing no intraoperative or postoperative complications.

Lipoblastoma retroperitoneal en un lactante: Caso clínico / Retroperitoneal lipoblastoma in an infant: A case report

Introducción El lipoblastoma es una neoplasia benigna del tejido adiposo, de presentación infrecuente y casi exclusiva en niños menores de 3 años. Usualmente se presenta en las extremidades como una masa indolora de crecimiento progresivo, estableciéndose su diagnóstico definitivo mediante análisis histológico y citogenético. Objetivo Presentar un caso clínico de lipoblastoma de ubicación inhabitual en una lactante y revisar la literatura al respecto. Caso clínico Lactante mayor de 16 meses, con aumento de volumen abdominal de 6 meses de evolución, asociado a una ingesta alimentaria disminuida, sin otros síntomas. El estudio de imagen reveló una imagen de aspecto lipoideo que comprometía casi la totalidad de la cavidad abdominal, muy sugerente de lipoblastoma, realizándose la resección de un tumor retroperitoneal de 18 cm de diámetro que rechazaba los órganos vecinos. El análisis histológico fue suficiente para confirmar el diagnóstico. En el seguimiento no hubo recidiva. Conclusión Tomando en cuenta la baja frecuencia de esta afección y su inusual presentación, se reporta el caso de esta paciente, para considerarlo dentro del diagnóstico diferencial de masa abdominal en un lactante.

Introduction Lipoblastoma is a benign neoplasia of the adipose tissue. It is a rare conditionand almost exclusively presents in children under 3 years old. It usually occurs in extremities as a painless volume increase of progressive growth, with the definitive diagnosis being established by pathological and cytogenetic analysis. The treatment of choice is complete resection, and follow-up period of up to five years is recommended due to a recurrence of up to 25%. Objective To present an unusual location of this uncommon condition in an infant, and review the related literature. Case report A sixteen-month child with an increase in abdominal growth of six-months progression, associated with a decreased food intake, and with no other symptoms. The imaging study revealed a lipoid-like image compromising almost the entire abdominal cavity, very suggestive of lipoblastoma. A resection was performed on an 18 cm diameter retroperitoneal tumour that rejected the adjacent organs. Histological analysis was enough to confirm diagnosis without the need for cytogenetic analysis. The follow-up showed no recurrence of the disease. Conclusion Given the rarity of this disease and its unusual presentation, we communicate this clinical case, in order to be considered in the differential diagnosis of abdominal mass in chilhood.

Leiomioma retroperitoneal: reporte de un caso / Retroperitoneal leiomyoma: report of a case

Introducción: El mioma retroperitoneal es un tumor de músculo liso con baja incidencia, de etiología variada, siendo lo más frecuente debido a una larga exposición a estrógenos. Presentación del caso: Mujer de 52 años, con antecedentes de diabetes mellitus tipo 1 e hipotiroidismo, consultó por irregularidad menstrual de 1 año de evolución. Al examen físico destacó una masa abdominal palpable y al tacto rectal abombamiento del fondo de saco posterior. Una ecografía transvaginal mostró una lesión sólida retro-uterina de 90x67x79mm por lo que se planteó como hipótesis diagnóstica un tumor pélvico, sin poder descartar origen anexial. Exámenes de laboratorio resultaron normales con marcadores tumorales negativos. Durante el intraoperatorio se identificaron anexos sanos y una masa retroperitoneal por lo que se decidió realizar tumerectomía y anexectomía izquierda por riesgo de bridas. La biopsia resultó compatible con neurilemoma, pero mediante inmunohistoquímica se confirmó diagnóstico de leiomioma. Cursó postoperatorio en buenas condiciones. Discusión: El leiomioma retroperitoneal es un diagnóstico diferencial de tumor retroperitoneal, a pesar de su baja incidencia y menor frecuencia que una tumoración maligna. Sus presentaciones clínicas más frecuentes son como masa abdominal palpable, distensión abdominal o asintomática. Actualmente ningún examen de laboratorio o imagenológico, ha demostrado una alta precisión para discriminar entre un tumor maligno y uno benigno, por lo cual, su confirmación sigue dependiendo de la biopsia excisional. La probabilidad de recurrencia es baja, sin embargo, si esta se presenta, puede deberse a un tumor maligno, por lo que es recomendable un adecuado seguimiento clínico e imagenológico de estas pacientes.

Introduction: The retroperitoneal myoma is a smooth muscle tumor with a low incidence, of varied etiology, being the most frequent due to a long estrogen exposure. Case report: Woman, 52 years old, with a history of diabetes mellitus type 1 and hypothyroidism who consulted for menstrual irregularity of 1 year of evolution. The physical examination revealed a palpable abdominal mass and rectal touch of the posterior recumbent sac. A transvaginal ultrasound showed a solid retro-uterine lesion of 90x67x79mm, so it was diagnosed a pelvic tumor, without being able to rule out adnexal origin. Laboratory tests were normal with negative tumor markers. During the intraoperative period, were identified healthy appendages and a retroperitoneal mass, so it was decided to perform tumerectomy and left annexectomy for the risk of flanges. The biopsy was compatible with neurilemoma, but by means of immunohistochemistry a diagnosis of leiomyoma was confirmed. Came postoperative in good condition. Discussion: Retroperitoneal leiomyoma is a differential diagnosis of retroperitoneal tumor, despite its low incidence and less frequent than a malignant tumor. Its most frequent clinical presentations are palpable abdominal mass, abdominal distension or asymptomatic. At present, no laboratory or imaging examination has shown a high precision to discriminate between a malignant tumor and a benign one, so that its confirmation still depends on the excisional biopsy. The probability of recurrence is low, however, if it is present, it may be due to a malignant tumor, which is why it is advisable to have adequate clinical and imaging follow-up of these patients

Tumores retroperitoneales en la infancia / Retroperitoneal tumors in childhood

INTRODUCCIÓN: los tumores retroperitoneales se presentan con baja incidencia en la infancia, pero tienen muy alta letalidad. Aunque estos se clasifican en primarios y secundarios, y dependen en gran medida del tejido de origen, su forma quística o sólida, o su benignidad o malignidad en Pediatría, se presentan desde la etapa de recién nacido. OBJETIVO: determinar la incidencia de los tumores retroperitoneales en el Hospital Pediátrico Universitario Centro Habana, entre el 1º de enero de 2000 y el 31 de diciembre de 2012. MÉTODOS: se realizó un estudio descriptivo longitudinal retrospectivo de los 77 pacientes tratados en el centro con diagnóstico de tumores del retroperitoneo, entre el 1º de enero de 2000 y el 31 de diciembre de 2012. Se analizaron las variables edad, sexo, síntomas y signos, tipo de tumor y tratamiento. RESULTADOS: el 57 % era del sexo femenino, el 60 % tenía entre 0 y 5 años, el nefroblastoma se presentó en 50 %. El motivo de consulta fue dolor abdominal y fiebre (40 %), y el tumor fue palpable en el 80 %. La cirugía realizada fue resección total a todos los casos. Se constataron 39 nefroblastomas, 24 neuroblastomas y 6 carcinomas de células renales, entre otros. El neuroblastoma fue más frecuente en varones, y el nefroblastoma en hembras. En menores de 5 años fueron el nefroblastoma y el neuroblastoma. CONCLUSIONES: la ecografía abdominal detectó el tumor en todos los casos, por lo que es el examen de elección en la primera etapa de estudio. La rápida progresión de los tumores malignos en Pediatría, obliga a considerar la palpación de una masa abdominal como una urgencia pediátrica.

INTRODUCTION: the incidence of retroperitoneal tumors is low at childhood, but the fatality rate is very high. Although these tumors are classified into primary and secondary depending greatly on the tissue of origin, their cystic or solid form, benignancy or malignancy in pediatrics occurs since the neonatal phase. OBJECTIVE: to determine the incidence of retroperitoneal tumors in the university pediatric hospital of Centro Habana from January 2000 through December 2012. METHODS: a retrospective longitudinal and descriptive study of 77 patients who were treated at this center and diagnosed as retroperitoneal tumors from January 2000 through December 31st, 2012. The analysis variables were age, sex, symptoms and signs, type of tumor and treatment. RESULTS: in this group, 57 % were females, 60 % aged 0 to 5 years, and nephroblastoma was present in 50 % of cases. The reason for going to the doctor's was abdominal pain and fever (40 %) and the tumor was palpable in 80 %. Total resection was the elected surgery in all the cases. There were confirmed 39 nephroblastomas, 24 neuroblastomas and 6 renal cell carcinomas, among others. Neuroblastoma was the most frequent in boys whereas nephroblastoma was common in girls. In children aged under 5 years, nephroblastoma affected boys more and neuroblastoma was frequent in girls. CONCLUSIONS: nephroblastoma (39 cases) followed by neuroblastoma (24 cases) were the most common retroperitoneal tumors found at the university pediatric hospital of Centro Habana in the period of 2000 through 2012. Abdominal echography detected tumors in all the cases, so this is the test of choice in the first stage of the study. The rapid progression of malignant tumors in pediatrics leads to considering palpated abdominal mass as an emergency in pediatrics.